In the laboratory, reviews can significantly affect subjects’ psychological performance. Negative reviews attract more attention and reduce uncertainty for buyers. They also affect purchase behavior in direct ways. Negative information increases purchase intention, which is often substituted for purchasing behavior. This is because purchase intentions are assumed to indicate the likelihood of the behavior and the number of attempts made to perform it. However, there is more to the psychology of buyers than just purchasing behavior.
Impact of online reviews on consumers’ purchase intentionWe experimented with investigating the impact of online product reviews on consumers’ purchase intention. We used eye-tracking to collect data regarding visual attention and the number of fixations per study area. We analyzed whether the dwell time of positive and negative comments is associated with a consumer’s purchase intention. Further, we evaluated whether consumers tended to notice fake comments and if this difference was reflected in the fixation duration. The current study reveals the moderating effect of gender on the impact of online review valence on purchase intention. Our results indicate that female consumers pay greater attention to negative reviews than males. This finding has implications for practitioners, who should take note of these factors in their advertising. For instance, they should customize their product or service information to reflect the opinions of female consumers. However, despite the potential for attentional bias, we should not underestimate the importance of positive reviews. The study also found that positive reviews influenced purchase intention in commodities with high ratios of negative and positive reviews. However, positive reviews were not significantly correlated with purchase behavior in real-world settings. Conversely, negative thoughts hurt purchase intention. Thus, merchants should consider how online reviews influence purchase intentions. It is important to note that the effect of online reviews on purchase intention varies across products. The findings also provide valuable guidelines for online reviews. Overall, online reviews serve as a promising source of data. However, the perception of risk when purchasing online affects consumers’ purchase intention and risk perceptions. Positive reviews tend to be more powerful than negative ones, but a negative review may be more influential than a neutral one. As a result, it is essential to recognize online reviews’ positive and negative aspects to optimize consumer behavior. Furthermore, the impact of negative reviews on purchase intention depends on the type of commodity consumers want to purchase.
Effects of quality and quantityDespite the proliferation of online reviews, little research has examined the psychological processes involved in a consumer’s purchasing decisions after perusing an online review. This is because consumers’ decisions are based on a combination of vision and information processing. As a result, many studies have concentrated on online reviews’ end result or impact. However, some studies have attempted to understand the underlying cognitive processes that lead to the final decision. To investigate these processes, eye-tracking has become famous for studies of consumer behavior and cognitive processing. Review quality and quantity affect a consumer’s decision-making process. Reviews are written by actual consumers and usually describe their experiences with a product. As a result, reviews are easier for other consumers to accept because they are based on personal experience. Furthermore, reviews are valuable tools to help the buyer make a buying decision. But the psychology of buyer decisions is influenced by many factors. In addition to the impact of quality and quantity on the purchase decision, consumers also place a greater emphasis on negative information. Negative impulses attract more attention and act as more potent stimuli than positive ones. In turn, as the proportion of negative reviews in online reviews increases, consumers’ intentions to buy the product decrease. The increased exposure to negative reviews leads to a negative expectation in the minds of potential consumers. The findings of this research are helpful to marketers who want to increase the visibility of their products and improve their sales. The language style and type of online reviews used in online reviews influence a buyer’s intention to purchase. For example, a figurative review will be more persuasive than a literal one. Likewise, a comprehensive study will enhance a buyer’s willingness to buy a product. In addition to language style, the product type will significantly affect a consumer’s decision-making.
Effects of language styleIn a study, researchers investigated the influence of the reference group’s language style on the effectiveness of positive online reviews. They also examined the psychological mechanisms underlying the positive comments. They concluded that using self-deprecating language styles leads to more favorable brand evaluations and higher purchase intentions. The findings are essential for marketers trying to boost their brands’ online reputation. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal language style for a particular product or service. In two studies, researchers found that consumers’ purchase intentions were influenced by literal online reviews. Consumers tend to search for the parameters of a product first, and reviews are written in literal language to enhance their purchase intentions. The study also found that consumers’ purchase intentions increased when literal reviews compared to figurative ones. However, there was a significant interaction between online language style and product type. However, social presence also played a mediating role. The language style used in online reviews can be classified by product type. By incorporating different language styles, marketers can make their studies more relevant and reduce consumer information search costs. In particular, marketing managers should prioritize search-driven products using figurative language and a visual approach. In addition, experience-oriented products should use a more metaphorical system, while those for digital products should use more literal and concise language. The study results indicate that the language style used in online reviews mediates the brand recognition effect. In particular, self-deprecating language styles will likely increase brand recognition by avoiding the reference group. In turn, higher brand identification leads to higher purchase intentions. However, this is also true for self-deprecating language style in online reviews. In general, language style has a mediating effect on brand recognition and purchase intentions.
Effects of product typeIn a new study, we investigated how the quality of online reviews influences purchase intentions. We found that literal thoughts have a higher purchase intention than figurative ones. This result is consistent with our previous findings that positive reviews increase purchase intentions. We also found that online reviews from a positive experience have a more robust social presence than negative experiences, suggesting that consumers are more likely to purchase based on a positive experience. We also examined the impact of gender on online reviews. Previous studies have shown that men and women read reviews more attentively than positively, but our study demonstrates that these two factors interact similarly. Furthermore, men and women differ in their attentional biases regarding online reviews, which might explain why they pay more attention to negative comments. This finding has important implications for practitioners who wish to tailor their online reviews to reflect both sides of a story. We used eye-tracking to measure consumer gaze to determine if online reviews influenced purchasing intentions. We also used a behavioral method called fixation counting to measure eye movements and assess the impact of review content on consumer decision-making. The results indicated that the content of online reviews is highly influential on consumers’ purchasing intentions and that they are influenced by both positive and negative comments. However, consumers had difficulty identifying fake reviews, so we had to consider several variables, including product type. We also examined the role of product type in influencing online reviews. We found that online reviews influenced customer purchase decisions and were most influential for products with high involvement. Consequently, if the product is highly involved, customers will be more likely to respond to positive reviews from those with high professional and social status. But the effect of review volume fades over time, so firms can no longer rely on incentives to encourage the reviewers to write good reviews.
Effects of risk perceptionA new study examining the effects of online reviews on consumers’ risk perception of purchasing products at Internet auction sites finds that the presence of pre-purchase information reduces the perceived risk of purchases. Although these findings generally apply to online auctions, they may not be appropriate for many types of e-stores. For example, consumers often supplement pre-purchase information with other sources. In addition, the study’s focus on online auction sites does not account for community experiences, bulletin boards, or 3-D advertising. After the introduction, the study is structured into four sections: the second presents the study’s theoretical background, the third offers methodological procedures, and the fourth is the conclusions and final considerations. Various types of reviews were studied to determine which type of reviews had the most impact. Moreover, the authors found that consumers were more likely to read online reviews when the information presented was unavailable in their local stores. In addition to this, the study also found that pre-purchase information processing can decrease consumers’ risk perception. Consumers are most perceptive of post-purchase product performance, so if the reviewer can offer appropriate information before purchasing, it may reduce the perceived risk and clarify consumers’ intentions. This study provides a theoretical framework to investigate the relationship between perceived risk and pre-purchase information. The results also indicate that consumers’ perceived risks are influenced by the trust level of the reviewer. In other words, the perception of risk by the consumer is mainly based on trust, and the more confidence the consumer has in the company, the less they will be influenced by a negative review. However, the authors point out that it is difficult to prove the effectiveness of these reviews without the help of a rigorous methodology. |
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